Chevron, others lift Ogun school with science laboratory

The Star Deep Water Petroleum Limited, a Chevron Company, has deepened the teaching and learning of science subjects by inaugurating modern science laboratory in Ibogun Comprehensive High School, Ibogun, Ogun State.

Apart from SDWPL, other partners involved in the initiative were Famfa Oil Ltd, Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation, Statoil Nigeria Ltd and Petroleo Brasileiro Nigeria Ltd.

The Managing Director, Star Deep Water Petroleum Limited, Mr. Clay Neff, said the donation of the science laboratory was one of the company’s programmes in its social investment plan aimed at improving the teaching and learning of science subjects in Nigeria’s secondary schools.

Neff, who was represented by a director in the company, Mr. Jeffery Ewing, noted that education was key to unlocking the potential of youths and developing their capacity for societal relevance.

He said, “This particular project is a product of our efforts to help generate improved access to education for all Nigerians through the donation of science laboratory complexes, electronic libraries and scholarships.”

The chairman, Famfa Oil Ltd, Modupe Alakija, said the nation could only develop through science and technology.

She said, “One of the ways of achieving this is through progression in education, especially, science and technological education.”

Alakija, who was represented by the company’s facility manager, Atolagbe Oyeyemi, said the laboratory would help advance the course of science education in the school and beyond.

The representative of Statoil, Mrs Yvonne Yaduma, also said the project would assist the government in providing qualitative education to the people.

The principal of the school, Mr. Oladosu Ajao, commended the companies for the gesture and called on other corporate organisations to emulate them.

Former president Chief Olusegun Obasanjo, who is a native of Ibogun, was also there and he equally commended the donors.

HISTORY OF OSAMA BIN LADEN EARLY LIFE

Osama bin Laden was born in Saudi Arabia, a country in the Middle East. His father owned a big construction company. Like most other Saudi Arabians, the bin Ladens were followers of Islam. People who follow Islam are called Muslims.
Young Osama embraced a special view of Islam. He accepted fundamentalist teachings. He believed that Muslims should live as they did when Islam began 14 centuries ago.
WHAT DID BIN LADEN WANT?
Bin Laden wanted to fight those who he saw as enemies of Muslims. In 1979, he got his chance. A communist country, the Soviet Union, invaded Afghanistan, a Muslim country. Bin Laden went to Afghanistan to fight the Soviets.
In 1988, while in Afghanistan, bin Laden founded a group called al-Qaeda. (Al-Qaeda is an Arabic phrase that means “the Base”.) Bin Laden wanted al-Qaeda to lead a jihad (holy war) against all nations that he considered to be against Islam.
In 1989, the Soviets left Afghanistan. Bin Laden returned to live in Saudi Arabia. Then in 1991, the United States led a war against the Muslim country of Iraq. During that war, the United States based troops in Saudi Arabia. Now bin Laden declared that the United States was the main enemy of Islam.
BIN LADEN AND TERRORISM
In 1992, bin Laden moved to Sudan, an African country ruled by Muslims. From there, he began to direct terrorist attacks by al-Qaeda. In a terrorist attack, individuals or small groups hurt or kill ordinary people. They do this to create fear among their enemies.
Bin Laden was accused of planning several big terrorist attacks over the next eight years. In 1993, a bomb damaged the World Trade Center in New York City. In 1996, terrorists blew up an apartment building in Saudi Arabia, where many Americans lived. In 1998, two U.S. embassies in Africa were bombed, killing hundreds of people. In 2000, an attack on the U.S. Navy ship Cole killed 17 sailors.
TERRORIST ATTACKS ON AMERICAN SOIL
Then came al-Qaeda’s biggest terrorist attack of all. On September 11, 2001, a group of men hijacked four airplanes. They flew two of them into the twin towers of the World Trade Center. Another airplane crashed into the Pentagon near Washington, D.C. Another crashed in Pennsylvania. The attacks killed about 3,000 people.
The United States struck back by bombing Afghanistan. That’s where bin Laden was hiding as a guest of the country’s ruling group. The bombing forced this group, the Taliban, to flee. But bin Laden was not found.

Froth Flotation

Froth flotation is considered to be the most widely used method for ore beneficiation. In ore beneficiation, flotation is a process in which valuable minerals are separated from worthless material or other valuable minerals by inducing them to gather in and on the surface of a froth layer. Sulfide and non-sulfide minerals as well as native metals are recovered by froth flotation. This process is based on the ability of certain chemicals to modify the surface properties of the mineral(s). Other chemicals are used to generate the froth and still others are used to adjust the pH. Certain chemicals are even capable of depressing the flotation of minerals that are either to be recovered at a later time or are not to be recovered.

The process of froth flotation entails crushing and grinding the ore to a fine size. This fine grinding separates the individual mineral particles from the waste rock and other mineral particles. The grinding is normally done in water with the resultant slurry called the pulp. The pulp is processed in the flotation cells, which agitate the mixture and introduce air as small bubbles.

The ability of a mineral to float depends upon its surface properties. Chemical modification of these properties enables the mineral particles to attach to an air bubble in the flotation cell. The air bubble and mineral particle rise through the pulp to the surface of the froth or foam that is present on the flotation cell. Even though the air bubbles often break at this point, the mineral remains on the surface of the froth. The mineral is physically separated from the remaining pulp material and is removed for further processing.

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Cellulose

Cellulose is an organic compound with the formula (C6H10O5)
n, a polysaccharide consisting of a linear chain of several hundred to many thousands of β(1→4) linked D-glucoseunits.^[3][4] Cellulose is an important structural component of the primary cell wall of green plants, many forms ofalgae and the oomycetes. Some species of bacteria secrete it to form biofilms.^[5]Cellulose is the most abundant organic polymer on Earth.^[6] The cellulose content of cotton fiber is 90%, that ofwood is 40–50% and that of dried hempis approximately 45%.^[7][8][9]

Cellulose is mainly used to producepaperboard and paper. Smaller quantities are converted into a wide variety of derivative products such ascellophane and rayon. Conversion of cellulose from energy crops intobiofuels such as cellulosic ethanol is under investigation as an alternative fuel source. Cellulose for industrial use is mainly obtained from wood pulp andcotton.^[6]

Some animals, particularly ruminantsand termites, can digest cellulose with the help of symbiotic micro-organisms that live in their guts, such asTrichonympha. In humans, cellulose acts as a hydrophilic bulking agent for fecesand is often referred to as a "dietary fiber".

Cellulose

Cellulose is an organic compound with the formula (C6H10O5)
n, a polysaccharide consisting of a linear chain of several hundred to many thousands of β(1→4) linked D-glucoseunits.^[3][4] Cellulose is an important structural component of the primary cell wall of green plants, many forms ofalgae and the oomycetes. Some species of bacteria secrete it to form biofilms.^[5]Cellulose is the most abundant organic polymer on Earth.^[6] The cellulose content of cotton fiber is 90%, that ofwood is 40–50% and that of dried hempis approximately 45%.^[7][8][9]

Cellulose is mainly used to producepaperboard and paper. Smaller quantities are converted into a wide variety of derivative products such ascellophane and rayon. Conversion of cellulose from energy crops intobiofuels such as cellulosic ethanol is under investigation as an alternative fuel source. Cellulose for industrial use is mainly obtained from wood pulp andcotton.^[6]

Some animals, particularly ruminantsand termites, can digest cellulose with the help of symbiotic micro-organisms that live in their guts, such asTrichonympha. In humans, cellulose acts as a hydrophilic bulking agent for fecesand is often referred to as a "dietary fiber".